Written by Ambassador Club member, John Solgat
The Church
The English word āChurchā can be defined as:
a building for public religious services and especially Christian worship
a body or organization of religious believers
Where does this English word come from? Here is the etymology:
Middle English chirche, from Old English cirice, circe "place of assemblage set aside for Christian worship; the body of Christian believers, Christians collectively; ecclesiastical authority or power," from Proto-Germanic kirika (source also of Old Saxon kirika, Old Norse kirkja*, Old Frisian zerke, Middle Dutch kerke, Dutch kerk, Old High German kirihha, German Kirche).
We find the English word āChurchā only in English translations of the New Testament. It is not in the Old Testament/Tanakh. The common belief, though not 100% true, is that the Old Testament/Tanakh was written in Hebrew with a little Aramaic and that the New Testament was written in Greek. Though I believe that most, if not all, of the New Testament was written in Hebrew, not Greek, for the sake of this discussion we will table that discussion and just assume Greek. What Greek word underlies the English word āChurchā in the Greek? The answer is āekklĆ©siaā (į¼ĪŗĪŗĪ»Ī·Ļία), Strongs 1577 defined as:
(properly) a "calling out"
(concretely) a called-out assembly of citizens
(specifically, of Christ) the community of the Redeemed of Christ whether being on earth or in heaven or both
{used only of people, not a location, structure, etc. Of Christ, used only of the Redeemed, not of the unredeemed in their midst}
An example of a verse using this word in the New Testament would be Matthew 16:18:
And I tell you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build My church, and the gates of Hades will not prevail against it.
We will come back to this verse shortly.
We also find the word āekklĆ©siaā (į¼ĪŗĪŗĪ»Ī·Ļία) in the Septuagint, the Greek translation of the Hebrew Old Testament/Tanakh. Consider an
English translation of Deuteronomy 4:10:
Remember the day you stood before the LORD your God at Horeb, when the LORD said to me, āAssemble the people to Me, that I may have them hear My words so that they may learn to fear Me all the days that they live on the earth, and that they may teach their children.ā
The Greek in the Septuagint reads (I have highlighted ekklƩsia):
ἔμέĻαν ἣν į¼ĻĻĪ·Ļε į¼Ī½Ī±Ī½Ļίον ĪŗĻ Ļį½·ĪæĻ Ļοῦ θεοῦ į½Ī¼įæ¶Ī½ į¼Ī½ ΧĻĻηβ ĻῠἔμέĻį¾³ ĻįæĻ į¼ĪŗĪŗĪ»Ī·Ļį½·Ī±Ļ į½ Ļε εἶĻεν Īŗį½»ĻĪ¹ĪæĻ ĻĻį½¹Ļ Ī¼Īµ į¼ĪŗĪŗĪ»Ī·ĻίαĻον ĻĻį½¹Ļ Ī¼Īµ Ļὸν λαόν καὶ į¼ĪŗĪæĻ Ļį½±ĻĻĻαν Ļį½° ῄήμαĻį½± Ī¼ĪæĻ į½ ĻĻĻ Ī¼į½±ĪøĻĻιν ĻοβεįæĻθαί με Ļį½±ĻĪ±Ļ Ļį½°Ļ į¼”Ī¼į½³ĻĪ±Ļ į¼Ļ αį½ĻĪæį½¶ ζῶĻιν į¼Ļį½¶ ĻįæĻ γįæĻ καὶ ĻĪæį½ŗĻ Ļ į¼±Īæį½ŗĻ Ī±į½Ļῶν ΓιΓάξĻĻιν
Since Moses originally wrote this in Hebrew, we need to ask what Hebrew word underlies these translations. That word is haqĀ·hĆŖl (×Ö·×§Ö°×Ö¶×), Strongās 6950, which means:
assemble selves, gather selves together
We need to consider another related Hebrew word, āedahā (×¢Öµ×Öø×), Strongās 5712, meaning:
a stated assemblage
(specifically) a concourse
(generally) a family or crowd
We find this word in Numbers 31:16 translated as ācongregationā or ācommunityā:
Look, these women caused the sons of Israel, through the counsel of Balaam, to turn unfaithfully against the LORD at Peor, so that the plague struck the congregation of the LORD.
The Hebrew word āedahā is translated into Greek as āĻĻ Ī½Ī±Ī³Ļγįæā (sunagógĆ©), Strongās 4864, meaning:
a gathering of persons
(specially) a Jewish "synagogue" (the meeting or the place)
(by analogy) a religious meeting or building (of Jews, Jewish Christians, Greeks, or even of Satan)
{typically used of the building itself where a gathering or meeting takes place}
Considering that we are quoting Numbers 31:16, well before the Jewish synagogue system was put in place after the Babylonian captivity, the only interesting definition here is the first one, āa gathering of persons.ā This is synonymous with the earlier Hebrew and Greek words meaning āassembly.ā The Hebrew haqhel and edah, along with the Greek versions of ekklĆ©sia and sunagógĆ©, are speaking of the same people, the Israelites. The Israelites are āthe assembly,ā āthe congregation,ā or āthe community.ā
Let us return to Matthew 16:18, where we read in English that Yeshua said, āI will build My churchā¦ā That was translated from Greek; āchurchā comes from āekklĆ©sia.ā I am adamant that this conversation between Yeshua and His Israelite/Jewish disciples did not happen in Greek; it most certainly did not happen in English. It happened in Hebrew; this was a group of Hebrews/Israelites of the kingdom of Judah having this conversation. The word spoken was most likely āhaqhel,ā but we see āchurchā in English. How is it that āhaqhelā or āekklĆ©siaā in the Old Testament/Tanakh/Septuagint gets translated as āassembly,ā but magically, when turning past that page inserted between Malachi and Matthew that says, āNew Testament,ā that the translation suddenly becomes āchurch?ā Look back in this piece and look at the etymology of āchurch.ā Notice all of the German, Dutch, Norse, etc., background to this word. Where did that come from in a Hebrew context conveyed to us through mostly Greek language?
The books of the Hebrew Tanakh (OT) are in a different order than the books in a Christian Bible. In the Christian Bible, Malachi is the last book before you enter the New Testament. I believe that is not coincidence; I believe Yehovah caused that to happen very intentionally so that just before we turn the page to enter the New Testament, we will read in Malachi 3:6:
Because I, the LORD [Yehovah], do not change, you descendants of Jacob have not been destroyed.
Yehovah is gracious to tell us before leaving the Tanakh that āHe does not change.ā And, just so you donāt miss it, only a few pages later we find Yeshua reiterating that in [Matthew 5:17-19]Ā